Visitors are advised that the Kruger National Park and adjoining areas fall within the malaria zone, and precautionary measures should be taken when entering this region. Recent surveys have suggested that the chance of an average visitor getting malaria is roughly 1 in 24,000.
In South Africa you can only get anti-malaria tablets from a doctor.
Safety measures for visitors: Most malaria cases occur in the wet season between October and May, with the months February to May being the peak risk period. During these months visitors are advised to use anti-malarial medication. Minimize the contact with mosquitoes by applying repellent substances such as Tabard or a number of other products, burning mosquito coils or using vaporizing mats, and wearing socks and shoes during the evening.
Malaria presents the most significant threat to travelers to many tropical countries. Take anti-malaria tablets as instructed before, during and after travel. The disease is transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes and can prove fatal. Travelers to malarias areas must be made aware of the risk and should take stringent precautions against being bitten by mosquitoes. These precautions should include the use of safe and effective insect repellents on the skin, plug in insecticide vaporizers and mosquito nets (preferably impregnated with a residual insecticide). It is important that travelers to these areas take the correct anti-malarial prophylactic tablets. Expert advice should be sought as the tablets advised will vary from region to region.
Transmission and Symptoms:
Malaria is a serious disease that is transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito. Symptoms may include fever and flu-like illness, including chills, headache, muscle aches, and fatigue. Malaria may cause anemia and jaundice.
Plasmodium falciparum infections, if not immediately treated, may cause kidney failure, coma, and death. Malaria can often be prevented by using antimalarial drugs and by using personal protection measures to prevent mosquito bites.
Malaria symptoms will occur at least 7 to 9 days after being bitten by an infected mosquito. Fever in the first week of travel in a malaria-risk area is unlikely to be malaria; however, any fever should be promptly evaluated.
If you come down with flu-like symptoms either during, or within four to six weeks after, your visit to a malaria area, seek a doctor's advice immediately.
Malaria is always a serious disease and may be a deadly illness. If you become ill with a fever or flu-like illness either while traveling in a malaria-risk area or after you return home (for up to 1 year), you should seek immediate medical attention and should tell the physician your travel history.
Apply insect repellent to exposed skin - recommended repellents contain 20%-35% DEET or TABARD and there are a number of brands on the market.
Use a mosquito net if your tent or room isn't screened or air-conditioned; and spray insecticide or burn a mosquito coil before going to bed.
Take the malaria tablets recommended for the region you're traveling to, and keep taking them until the course is complete.
Travel Clinics provide a comprehensive malaria avoidance program. You can contact them in Johannesburg at , and in Cape Town at . You can also visit [http://www.malaria.org.za/risk.htm].
Botswana: Risk north of 21° latitude south in the northern districts of Central, Chobe, Ngamiland, North East, and Okavango. Lesotho: No risk. Namibia: Risk in the provinces of Kunene, Ohangwena, Okavango, Caprivi, Omaheke, Omusati, Oshana, Oshikoto, and Otjozondjupa.
South Africa: Risk in the low altitude areas of the Mpumalanga Province, Northern Province, and northeastern KwaZulu-Natal as far south as the Tugela River. Risk in Kruger National Park.
Malaria is a serious disease. Malaria occur in the wet season between October and May so plan for it and take anti-malaria tablets.
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